World Finance Atlas
187 economies · 2025–26

Afghanistan

Capital KabulCurrency AFN · Afghan AfghaniRegion Asia-Pacific
Output · rank 138/187
$17B
People · rank 36/187
43.8M
Land · rank 40/187
652K km²
GDP per person
$388
Density
67.2 /km²

Government debt

No comparable general government debt figure is published for Afghanistan.
This is an absence in the source data, not a value of zero.
What this number does not tell youThe most misread figure in public finance. Perimeter varies by country — the IMF notes its Fiscal Monitor tables use a narrower perimeter for China than its Article IV estimates, and published figures for Japan range from roughly 200% to 250% depending on perimeter and valuation, both citing the IMF. Debt in a currency the government issues is a fundamentally different instrument from debt it must earn or borrow to service; this ratio does not distinguish them.

Private-sector debt

The BIS publishes household and corporate credit for 44 economies. Afghanistan is not among them, so no comparable private-debt figure exists.
This is a gap in global data coverage, not a value of zero.

Currency & monetary policy

Currency
AFN
Regime
not classified
Central bank
Policy rate
Monetary arrangement shown where classified.

Against its region and the world

Where Afghanistan sits relative to the Asia-Pacific average and the world average.

GDP per person (USD)
This country388
Region average8,736
World average14,013
Population density (per km²)
This country67
Region average135
World average64

Major banks

Largest institutions headquartered in Afghanistan, by total assets. Assets, not market value — the two rank very differently.

All banks →
InstitutionHeadquartersTotal assetsvs. national GDP
1Da Afghanistan BankKabul$2B12%

All figures

Nominal GDP
$17B
Share of world output
0.01%
Population
43.8M
Share of world population
0.53%
Land area
652,230 km²
Share of world land
0.50%
GDP per person
$388
GDP per km²
$26,064
Population density
67.2 /km²
Government debt
Debt outstanding

Closest by output in Asia-Pacific

Kyrgyzstan$17B42.1%
Brunei$16B2.3%
Laos$16B115.0%
Tajikistan$14B32.1%
Mongolia$24B66.2%

Nearest neighbours by nominal output within the same region. Third column is debt to GDP.

Where these figures come from

Nominal GDPGross domestic product at current market prices, converted to US dollars at market exchange rates. Not adjusted for purchasing power.
IMF World Economic Outlook
2025 estimate
PopulationTotal resident population, mid-year estimate.
UN World Population Prospects
2025 estimate
Land areaTotal land area, excluding inland water where the source reports it separately.
UN Statistics Division
2024
General government gross debtGross debt of the general government sector as a share of GDP. Gross means government-held financial assets are not netted off.
IMF World Economic Outlook / Fiscal Monitor
2025–26 estimate
Bank total assetsTotal assets for the most recent reporting period: cash, loans, investments, property and equipment.
S&P Global Market Intelligence
2026 ranking
Net government debtGovernment debt net of its financial assets, as a share of GDP.
IMF Fiscal Monitor
2025–26 estimate
Household debtCredit to households and non-profits serving them, as a share of GDP.
BIS credit statistics
2024–25
Corporate debtCredit to non-financial corporations, as a share of GDP.
BIS credit statistics
2024–25
Exchange rate regimeHow the currency is managed: free floating, floating, pegged, currency board, or no separate legal tender.
IMF AREAER
2025
Central bank policy rateThe main policy interest rate set by the central bank.
Central banks / BIS
mid-2026, live
Residential house pricesYear-on-year change in residential property prices, nominal and inflation-adjusted.
BIS / OECD residential property
latest quarter