World Finance Atlas
187 economies · 2025–26

United States

Capital Washington, D.C.Currency USDRegion North America
Output · rank 1/187
$30.5T
People · rank 3/187
342.0M
Land · rank 3/187
9,147K km²
GDP per person
$89,202
Density
37.4 /km²

Government debt

125.8%gross debt, share of GDP
$38.4Toutstanding, rank 1 of 178
Perimeter
General government
Basis
Gross, not net
Valuation
Nominal
Debt per person
$112,216
Net of assets
100.5%
Source
IMF World Economic Outlook / Fiscal Monitor
Gross debt is 125.8%; net of the government’s financial assets it is 100.5%, a 25.3% gap.
What this number does not tell youThe most misread figure in public finance. Perimeter varies by country — the IMF notes its Fiscal Monitor tables use a narrower perimeter for China than its Article IV estimates, and published figures for Japan range from roughly 200% to 250% depending on perimeter and valuation, both citing the IMF. Debt in a currency the government issues is a fundamentally different instrument from debt it must earn or borrow to service; this ratio does not distinguish them.

Private-sector debt

Households
72.9% of GDP
Non-financial corporations
77.2% of GDP
Total private
150.1% of GDP
Government debt is only one layer. Household and corporate borrowing is where financial fragility often actually sits — and here it totals 150.1% of GDP, larger than the public debt above.

Currency & monetary policy

Currency
USD
Regime
Free floating
Central bank
Federal Reserve
Federal funds target (midpoint)
3.63%
Issues its own currency and sets its own policy rate — meaningful room to manage local-currency debt.

House prices

Nominal, year-on-year
+3.9%
Real (inflation-adjusted)
+1.1%
The real figure strips out inflation and is the one that tells you whether housing actually became more expensive.

Payment rails

SystemTypeLive since
FedwireLarge-value RTGS1918
ACHDeferred net1974
RTPInstant retail2017
FedNowInstant retail2023

Against its region and the world

Where United States sits relative to the North America average and the world average.

GDP per person (USD)
This country89,202
Region average85,551
World average14,013
Population density (per km²)
This country37
Region average21
World average64
Debt to GDP (%)
This country126
Region average124
World average95

Major banks

Largest institutions headquartered in United States, by total assets. Assets, not market value — the two rank very differently.

All banks →
InstitutionHeadquartersTotal assetsvs. national GDP
1JPMorgan ChaseNew York$4.4T14%
2Bank of AmericaCharlotte$3.4T11%
3CitigroupNew York$2.6T9%
4Wells FargoSan Francisco$1.9T6%
5Goldman SachsNew York$1.7T6%
6Morgan StanleyNew York$1.3T4%

All figures

Nominal GDP
$30.5T
Share of world output
26.49%
Population
342.0M
Share of world population
4.16%
Land area
9,147,420 km²
Share of world land
7.08%
GDP per person
$89,202
GDP per km²
$3,335,039
Population density
37.4 /km²
Government debt
125.8%
Debt outstanding
$38.4T

Closest by output in North America

Canada$2.2T105.6%

Nearest neighbours by nominal output within the same region. Third column is debt to GDP.

Where these figures come from

Nominal GDPGross domestic product at current market prices, converted to US dollars at market exchange rates. Not adjusted for purchasing power.
IMF World Economic Outlook
2025 estimate
PopulationTotal resident population, mid-year estimate.
UN World Population Prospects
2025 estimate
Land areaTotal land area, excluding inland water where the source reports it separately.
UN Statistics Division
2024
General government gross debtGross debt of the general government sector as a share of GDP. Gross means government-held financial assets are not netted off.
IMF World Economic Outlook / Fiscal Monitor
2025–26 estimate
Bank total assetsTotal assets for the most recent reporting period: cash, loans, investments, property and equipment.
S&P Global Market Intelligence
2026 ranking
Net government debtGovernment debt net of its financial assets, as a share of GDP.
IMF Fiscal Monitor
2025–26 estimate
Household debtCredit to households and non-profits serving them, as a share of GDP.
BIS credit statistics
2024–25
Corporate debtCredit to non-financial corporations, as a share of GDP.
BIS credit statistics
2024–25
Exchange rate regimeHow the currency is managed: free floating, floating, pegged, currency board, or no separate legal tender.
IMF AREAER
2025
Central bank policy rateThe main policy interest rate set by the central bank.
Central banks / BIS
mid-2026, live
Residential house pricesYear-on-year change in residential property prices, nominal and inflation-adjusted.
BIS / OECD residential property
latest quarter